Response of downstream sediment to water resource development in mainstream of the Lancang River

The impact of hydropower cascades of the Lancang River on downstream sedimentation has become one of the key problems in the research of the transboundary water resource development and its possible environmental effects. In this paper, the newest sediment data series spanning 17 years （1987-2003） at Yunjinghong hydrometric station and Chiang Saen hydrometric station, in northern Thailand, are analyzed to reveal these effects. Monthly mean sediment concentration data of the two stations are compared in-phase and yearly series are analyzed by the method of correlation and regression analysis and causality test. The analysis result shows that, though both of them are located at lower reaches of Manwan and Dachaoshan hydropower stations which are already constructed and in use, the sediment responses of the two stations are different under the regulation of the hydropower stations Annual series at Yunjinghong station are positively correlated but do not match well with those at Chiang Saen station. In addition, the results of Granger causality test on the time series also suggest that the series of maximum monthly mean sediment concentration of the Yunjinghong station each year may give cause for the ones of Chiang Saen station, while the series of minimum monthly mean sediment concentration each year and annual mean sediment concentration of Yunjinghong do not evidently give cause for the ones of the other station. Undoubtedly, this discovery will provide new evidences to assess the impacts of cascades construction in mainstream of the Lancang River on the variation of downstream sediment and its transboundary effects.     

Variability of surface circulation in the South China Sea from satellite altimeter data

11-year satellite altimeter sea surface height （SSH） anomaly data from January 1993 to December 2003 are used to present the dominant spatial patterns and temporal variations of the South China Sea （SCS） surface circulation through Empirical Orthogonal Function （EOF） analysis. The first three EOF modes show the obvious seasonal variations of SSH in the SCS. EOF mode one is generally characterized by a basin-wide circulation. Mode two describes the double-cell basin scale circulation structure. The two cells were located off west of the Luzon Island and southeast of Vietnam, respectively. EOF mode three presents the mesoscale eddy structure in the western SCS, which develops into a strong cyclonic eddy rapidly from July to September. EOF mode one and mode three are also embedded with interannual signals, indicating that the SCS surface circulation variation is influenced by El Nino events prominently. The strong El Nino of 1997/98 obviously changed the SCS circulation structure. This study also shows that there existed a series of mesoscale eddies in the western SCS, and their temporal variation indicates intra-seasonal and interannual signals.     

大熊猫IL-2基因的克隆与序列分析

本实验应用反转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）技术，从ConA诱导培养的大熊猫外周血淋巴细胞总RNA中扩增得到大熊猫IL-2基因，并将其克隆到PGEM-T载体中．经菌落PER鉴定、序列测定及序列分析，结果表明，经克隆得到的IL-2基因开放阅读框由465个核苷酸组成，编码一个由155个氮基酸组成的多肽，包括编码20个氨基酸的信号肽和135个氨基酸的成熟肽，该基因（已在Genbank中登录，序列号为：DQ852339）与已知的其他哺乳动物如犬、猫、人、猪、牛、羊、马、兔、鼠等的IL-2核苷酸同源性在66.5％（鼠）～91．5％（犬）之间；IL-2编码氨基酸同源性在54．8％（鼠）-85．2％（犬）之间；进化树构建结果表明大熊猫与犬亲缘关系最近．     

多孔介质中可压缩驱动问题的全离散分裂正定混合元方法

提出了数值模拟多孔介质中可压缩驱动问题的全离散分裂正定混合元方法.引入分裂正定混合有限元方法来求解抛物型的压力方程.混合有限元方程组是对称正定的，并且流函数方程不依赖于压力方程.采用标准的Garlerkin方法来处理对流－扩散型的饱和度方程.给出了此方法的全离散格式，并分析了该全离散格式的收敛性.     

一种抗拷贝攻击的水印方案

基于数字签名机制提出一种数字水印方案，即将数字签名作为水印嵌入图像．数字签名采用基于独立分量分析的方法获得．仿真实验表明，该方案不仅对常规的图像处理具有鲁棒性，而且可以抵抗拷贝攻击．     

LCK6112型客车车内噪声的分析与控制

分析了车内噪声的产生机理,对LCK6112型客车的车内噪声进行了测试,用频谱分析的方法对记录的数据进行了处理与分析,并对LCK6112型客车采取了一些降噪措施,取得了良好的降噪效果.     

陶瓷球栅阵列封装的有限元模拟与焊点应力分析

文章运用有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立了陶瓷球栅阵列(CBGA)封装的三维有限元模型,模拟出热载荷作用下CBGA封装的三维热应力应变分布,研究了焊点的形状对焊点的应力、应变的影响,为在实际焊接过程中,从焊点形态的角度去控制焊点质量提供了理论依据.     

英语专业精读教师话语分析

教师话语是大学英语课堂的重要交际媒介,它既是目的语的来源,也是管理课堂的手段。教师话语成功运用与否,直接关系到教学效果的好坏。本文通过对精读英语教师话语类型、特征和功能的描写,对英语精读教师话语和课堂互动活动进行分析和评价的基础上,得出结论:教师应转变传统角色,应更关注教师话语的质量而不是数量,课堂上应以提高学习者的语言水平和培养学习者意义协商的能力为主,以便学习者从外部环境获取更多的优化语言输入。     

气质联机法测定崂山绿茶中香气成分(Ⅰ)

介绍了青岛崂山绿茶中香气成分的分析方法。用常压水蒸气蒸馏法提取崂山绿茶中的香气成分。冷凝液用乙醚萃取。萃取液经脱水，在室温25℃1个标准大气压下使乙醚挥发，保留体积为1．5mL。用气相色谱-质谱联机法（GC—MS，Saturn2000）对其中的香气成分进行了定性分析。被检出的天然香气物质有44种，与NIST谱图库（美国标准与技术研究院NIST数据库）的匹配效果较好，尤其是12种具有代表性的成分。试验结果表明，崂山绿茶中香气物质种类较丰富。     

枣庄市中青年知识分子人群体育锻炼的现状调查与分析

采用问卷调查、现场走访和文献资料等方法，对枣庄市部分中青年知识分子参加体育锻炼的情况进行调查．研究表明，枣庄市中青年知识分子参加体育锻炼的发展规模和水平不是很高。经常参加体育锻炼的人数仅占被调查人数的23．1％，体育锻炼尚未成为枣庄市中青年知识分子人群闲暇时间的重要组成部分．